Part
ANTHROPOLOGY Nihilism NAZI
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Chapter 4
Race and religion policy
Nazional
Race and political religion
Nazional in principle have to do with the idea of \u200b\u200bso-called völkisch Weltanschauung (worldview of national, racial and popular) . Its origin is the end of the century XIX, some twenty or thirty years before the First World War. [1] "völkisch" German above the noun Weltanschauung (worldview) is not characteristic of Nazism, but that he appropriated it, using many of its elements. [2] main völkisch Weltanschauung that National are adopted and adapted anti-Semitism and religion, defined both in racial ideology. Under the doctrine völkisch of salvation, race determines the fate of both the individual and people. This racial doctrine with religious orientations explain the past and present while dictating the future. The movement took, therefore, that "the common blood and shared history form a common state" and the community to which they aspired was rooted in a state built on racial grounds. [3] völkisch was based on the thought of Gobineau and social Darwinism, and was also influenced by contemporary eugenics. Its premise dictated the irreversible decline of the Aryan race, so that its reasoning was derived from the following convictions: racial degeneration, alienation and flood of foreign elements.
But, as we have said, the racial issue was not the only core
völkisch Weltanschauung: religion was also behind all thought spirit and action völkisch. Moreover, religion underpinned the racial question and provided the justification presented by the movement of an apocalyptic doctrine of salvation. Thus, religion völkisch "salvation of the soul" began with the "salvation of the body, that is, racial regeneration that will give way in turn to a pure people. [4] [5] with the heroic figure del Salvador se transformaba en la figura carismática del Führer [6
völkische Weltanschauung (cosmovisión de tipo racista, nacionalista, popular ), which served as a starting point in the realization of their political ideology, religious and practical. Thus arose the idea of \u200b\u200ban organized biological people, whose nucleus would be the purity of blood and race, which would form a national community, rooted in a political religion that would transcend the individual, while the service would link with that community through subordination to the leaders, in particular, the Führer .
Hitler's thinking was governed by the categories of identity, unity, uniformity and substance of which was based on the biology and the religious content of the concepts of race and people. Namely, biopolitics with religion shape politics in their Weltanschauung
identity and interpretation of existence. Moreover, the Nazi party's program should be developed and produced under the registration of an orderly world view, making it the instrument that would channel and to complete his Weltanschauung of mood völkisch. "But an eternal Weltanschauung can only take place in an organic embodiment that has been made concrete and definitive. The role that faith plays in dogma is also parallel to the role played by party principles in the political party that is under construction. Therefore, also völkisch Weltanschauung must create an instrument that can be used in defense of this ideal " . [7]
Hitler was to achieve "unity of the soul of the people." To do this, you will find in the union and the purity of the causal connection that will make possible and which will relate to the binomial, race-people: "People disengages the preservation of racial purity, waiver by it, too, the unity of his soul in all its manifestations. The disintegration of its essence is the consequence natural corruption of his blood and the transformation that occurs in their spiritual and creative powers are only an effect of the change that has modified its racial substance. " [8]
Hitler cataloged his Weltanschauung,
in general, as a faith, a creed or dogma. The National Socialist world view should be presented as a profession of political faith: "In other words, the National Socialist Workers Party takes the basic principles of a general conception of the world based on the idea völkisch. These principles set a political doctrine that takes into account the practical realities of this, the nature of time and available human and material weaknesses. Through a profession of faith (doctrine) policy may attract a large number of masses of people to the organization, which has been constructed as rigidly as it has been possible. One such organization is the main preliminary that is necessary for the final triumph of this ideal. " [ 9]
Therefore, Hitler rejected the idea of \u200b\u200ba Weltanschauung did not take into account a profession of political faith, a faith not subjective, but a uniform belief Closed: "A political agenda must be built from a general knowledge and general Weltanschauung must bear the stamp of a strong political faith." [10] "Faith really contributes to consolidate and safeguard the very existence of human being helping him to rise above the level of mere animal existence. Taking humanity as it exists today and taking into account the fact that religious beliefs are generally held and which have been consolidated through of our education, because they serve as bases moral praxis, whether now aboliésemos religious teaching and not reemplazásemos for something of equal value, the result would be that the fundamentals of human existence would be seriously shaken. We can say that man does not live merely to serve high ideals, but these ideals, in turn, provide the necessary conditions of their existence as human beings. And so the circle is closed. " [11]
Thus, from its
völkisch Weltanschauung, understood from the race as the substance of the identity of the Germanic people and the political religion as an interpretation of the existence Hitler proclaimed his political principles, its mission and plans for the village, as well as establishing the foundations of the myth of the Führer , in which was defined as the only Germany could rescue from misery. [12] which sought an interpretation of history and the evils of the world, at the same time discovered means they could to overcome them. It was simply a simplistic and Manichean vision of history as a racial struggle, in which the identity of the Germanic people, the Aryan race, was being threatened with death, namely weakened and destroyed by the corrupt lower race from the face land, the Jewish parasite. [13] "the racial question gives the key not only world history but of all human culture." [14] "the struggle for the Lord's work" . [15]
At the same time, this will provide solid and convincing arguments to implement their ideas and geopolitical imperialist consolidated in obtaining Lebensraum
(Living space) that the dominant Aryan race needed to live and expand. There could be no other alternative: Bolshevism and the Jews should be eradicated. Therefore, the destruction of the Jews and the acquisition of Lebensraum components are intertwined and capital in völkisch Weltanschauung of Hitler:
"The right to own land can become a duty if a great nation, no extension of land, seems doomed to destruction ... Germany or be a world power or nothing. And to be a world power needs that territorial magnitude which will provide the position you need in the current period and life for its citizens. And so we National Socialists consciously we draw a line beneath the foreign policy tendency of our pre-war period. We continued where we left off six hundred years ago. We stop the endless German movement to the south and west and we look to the land to the east. Finally break with the colonial and commercial policy of the prewar period and proceed to the future regional policy.
Speaking of territory in Europe today, we think first of all and only in Russia and its vassal states of the border ... Russia drew support during centuries of Germanic nucleus of its upper ruling strata. Today I consider almost totally exterminated and extinguished. Has been replaced by the Jew ... It is no element of organization, but a ferment of decomposition. The giant empire of the East is ripe for a fall. And the end of Jewish domination of Russia also will be the end of Russia as a state ... We have been chosen by fate to witness a catastrophe that is the strongest confirmation of soundness of the theory
völkisch. " [16
In short, the worldview that Hitler advocated
had registered the following objectives: national salvation through elimination of the Jews, the acquisition of living space in the East and the revival of the Aryan race. This, added to the idea of \u200b\u200ba messianic hero leaded and where the hand of Providence was always present.
As Kershaw says, Hitler was not a mere opportunist without principles, but a master propagandist and an ideologue
, [17]
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
The word "guide translate the full meaning "driver", "spiritual mentor", "ideologue." It is a word with a variety of meanings. In Spain, the former Head of State adopted the term leader." Mussolini also bore the name "warlord" which in Italian is
[6]
, J.: Dreams of Old a New Reich. Volkisch Utopias and National Socialism, Bloomington, 1992, pp. 26-99. Consider the myth of Führer stemmed from an extensive literature völkisch who put trust in William II for later deposited into a mythical savior who would free the German people from the misfortunes of the defeat of the Great War. movement völkisch created the myth of a Führer that embody the ritual of emancipation national. See GALLEGO, F.: From Munich to Auschwitz. A history of Nazism, 1919-1945, Plaza & Janes, Barcelona, \u200b\u200b2001, p. 291.
[7]
Mein Kampf, pp . 422-423.
[8]
[9]
[12]
[13]
[14]
A doctor was one of the most important secret agents of the British Government during World War II. Eduardo Martinez Alonso, born in 1903, helped hundreds of refugees escape from crossing the Pyrenees fleeing the Nazi occupation from 1940 to 1944. The story was discovered by her daughter, Patricia Martinez Vicente, social anthropologist, to pull the wire when he met his diary twelve years after his death, which occurred in 1972. 
Germany looks to reopen the case of a Dutch Nazi war criminal living in the country, following pressure from some 150 Israeli lawyers, which require effective punishment for convicted genocide in 1947, although the German court rejects half a century ago for "lack of tests. " 
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